Research on Aquatic Animal Behavior and Environmentally Friendly Fishing Techniques

Abstract

The research on “Aquatic Animal Behavior and Environmentally Friendly Fishing Techniques” aims to achieve sustainable fisheries development by understanding the behavioral patterns of aquatic animals during fishing operations and designing fishing gear and methods with high selectivity and minimal environmental impact. This research, grounded in fish behavioral responses to external stimuli like sound, light, and electricity, has been pursued internationally for decades. Advances in observation technology have led to the development of various devices (e.g., TEDs, BRDs) that reduce bycatch and protect juvenile fish. Current research has identified key factors affecting post-capture fish survival rates (e.g., entrapment duration, hook type) and explored leveraging behavioral differences (e.g., using ultrasound to deter dolphins) to enhance selectivity. However, existing studies are largely confined to single-stimulus experiments, with limited understanding of deeper mechanisms such as multi-factor interactions in complex marine environments, fish schooling communication, and behavioral perception. Future research must transition from single-factor analysis to comprehensive multi-factor studies, delving deeper into fish behavioral mechanisms. On one hand, this foundation should drive the development of novel eco-friendly fishing gear and establish a theoretical framework for resource conservation. On the other hand, economically viable and easily scalable fishing solutions must be proposed. Through pilot demonstrations, these efforts should tangibly enhance the ecological efficiency and sustainable development of China's coastal and offshore fishing industries.